taylob



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. J. TAYLOR.

GAS PRODUCER.

No. 399,793. Patented Mar. 19, 1889.

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(No Model.) 3 shets-sheet 2. W. J. TAYLOR.

GAS PRODUCER.

No. 399.793. Patented Mar. 19, 1889.

WJLINEEEIEE= INVENTUR.

aiml m ,JM/ 7 N. PETERS, PhnQn-Lilhogmphar, Washingion, D C.

- (No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

Pate nted Mar. 19, 1889.

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W. J. TAYLOR.

GAS PRODUCER WITNE'EIEEE= M MW.

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\VI'LLIAM J. TAYLOR, OF CHESTER, .ASSIGNOR TO THE TAYLOR (S'TAS PRO-DUCER COMPANY, OF CAMDEN, NEYV JERSEY.

GAS-PRODUCER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 399,793, dated March19, 1889. Application filed December 31, 1886. Serial No. 223,112. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that LWILLIAM J. TAYLOR, of Chester, in the county of Morrisand State of Nev Jersey, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Gas-Producers, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to a furnace or plant for gasifying fuel for makingheating-gas or converting solid fuel into gaseous fuel, and such as isgenerallydesignated in iron metallurgy as a gasproducer, yet differingfrom the producer in common use, inasmuch that brick linings areentirely dispensed with, and which apparatus, constructed of metal andwater-cooled, as hereinafter described, I have designated as a metallicwater-cooled gasproducer.

The objects of my invention are, first, to construct a metallic watercooled gasproducer in which sticking or clinkering of fuel to the wallof the metallic combustion-chamb er may be obviated when run hot andfast, and it is consuming large quantities of fuel and producing aproportionately large quantity of gas; second, to obviate theobjectionable features heretofore attending the use of producersprovided with brick linings, in which the working has been veryirregular and cleaningout or removal of the non-combustible matterdifficult, rendering it practically impossible to run a producer for anylength of time or to any reasonable capacity continuousl y, moreparticularly where anthracite coal or anthracite culm was used as thefuel for generating the heating-gas, and for the utilization of whichfuel my present producer is especially well adapted; third, to drive theproducer to much greater capacity, and hence necessarily make gas withgreater uniformity, due to the fact that the producer can be workedcontinuously without stopping to clean out or remove the clinkers andashes therefrom. The heat of the first combustion (O to CO) is usuallylost, whichin practice is unavoidable, and hence, such being the case,it matters not whether the heat be lost in brick walls or in metallicwater-cooled walls, yet, nevertheless, the latter construction of aproducer has this advantage that the heat imparted to the water may beutilized for making steam for the blast or other purposes than thosehaving specialrelation to the illvention; fourth, to provide for theuniform admission and distribution of air or steam and airinto contactwith the fuel in the combustion-chamber from the lower portion of theproducer for elfecting combustion of the fuel and for obtaining the bestpractical re sults in, the production of heating-gas for metallurgicaland other operations; and, fifth, to provide a revolving bottom havingmechanism for actuating the same, whereby all non-combustible matter maybe readily, effectually, and continuously discharged from the producerwhile in full operation without the slightest interference therewith.

The nature of my invention will be more fully understood by reference tothe accompanying drawings, wherein Figure l is a vertical centralsection through a metallic water-cooled gasproducer of my improvedconstruction. Figs. 2 and 3 are respectivelytransverse sections of themetallic water-cooled gas-producer on the lines J0 wand y 2 of liig. 1.Fig. l is a top or plan view of the flanged top plate of the producer,which forms a receptacle for containing a supply of water for keepingthe upper portion of the producer cool, and the annular flanged rimscast therewith for the insertion of the feed hopper, the gas-flue pipe,and showing also sightapertures therein for examining the upper portionof the producer. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the conical-shapedbottom, showing the interstices therein for the passage of the airtherethrough and the projecting points arranged radially on the exteriorsur-' face of the revolving bottom for grinding up the clinkersaccumulating inthe combustion chamber; and Fig. 6 is a vertical centralsection of my improved producer, on an enlarged scale, of the lowerportion thereof, showing the conical-shaped revolving bottom with theinterstices therein and the radial rows of points thereon, the waterseal, annular sealed ashpit, and the central air or steam and air blastchamber, and the blastpipe extending vertr cally into said chamber.

Referring to the drawings, A is the metallic main casing, made,preferably, cylindrical in form, having a double flanged top plate, B,made of cast-iron or other suitable metal and so constructed andarranged that a receptacle is formed for containing a supply of waterfor preventing the heat of the producer from having a deterioratingeffect upon the several parts attached to the top plate.

' O is the gas-fiue exit-pipe fitting around the annular rim 6, castwith the flanged top plate, B. 6

D is the bosh-shaped feed-hopper fitting snugly against the innerflaring annular arm, 6', of the top plate, B.

d is the bell for closing the hopper after the fuel has been supplied tothe central combustion -chamber through the top thereof, and which fitssnugly up against the throat of the hopper. This bell (Z is preferablyattached to a vertical rod, d hinged to a cross-rod, d, and to adepending lever-arm, cl, pivoted to a bracket, d secured to the casingof the feedhopper D, which permits of the raising and lowering of thebell when desired; or the bell may be double lined with a sufficientspace left between for the circulation of water admitted from anysource. The manner of watercooling the bell has not been shown, but themethod of so doing will be manifestly obvious to those skilled in theart to which this invention appertains without illustration or furtherexplanation.

I am aware that hoppers have long been used in brick-linedgas-generators; but I am not aware that a feed-hopper has ever been usedconstructed and arranged as described, and supported by a flanged topplate capable of containing a supply of water for keeping thelupperportion of the producer at all times coo In the annular flanged topplate, B, is provided one or more sight-openings, N, having covers n,with eyes n cast therewith, for handling, and which covers may bereadily removed for ascertaining the condition of the fuel or forexamining the upper part of the producer for whatever purpose it maybecome necessary.

E is a metallic combustion-chamber, preferably open at the top, and madeof plate or boiler iron in' sections riveted together, and the chamberin form either bosh-shaped near the bottom thereof, as shown in Fig. 1,or constructed so that it will be of a uniform diameter from the bottomto the top, or only slightly tapering inward in the direction of the topof the chamber, or of such other shape as will give the best results inpractice in the use of anthracite coal or anthracite culm as the fuelforgenerating the heating-gas. The bottom of the metalliccombustion-chamber E is riveted to a flanged annular plate, 6 which in asimilar manneris attached to the metallic cas ingA. The rivets whichhold the combustionchamberE to the supporting-plate e preferably projectlaterally therefrom a short distance into the combustion-chamber E, andserve as grinders to act in conjunction with the points extendingdownward from near the top of the main casing to within a short distanceof the bottom of the plate 6 secured to the main casing and supportingthe combustion-chamber E in position, and the water or condensed steamand water discharged from the waterjacket near the top of the maincasing through an overflow-pipe, f, suitably supported by astraightening-plate, f fastened to the main casing A, but, however,below the open top of the combustion-chamber E. The overflowpipe f isprovided with a \/shaped trap, f, as shown in broken section in Fig. l,and in which trap a quantity of water will always be maintained forpreventing any gas from escaping through the same instead of through thegas-exit pipe 0.

I am aware that a generator for making hydrocarbon gas has beenconstructed with a rectangular closed interior shell or fire-box boilersurrounded by a water-space on its four sides; but I am not aware that ametallic cylindriform combustion-chamber open at the top has ever beenused or arranged in the manner described for burning anthracite coal oranthracite culm for generating heating or similar gases, and in whichclinkering or sticking of non-combustible matter to the wall thereof isobviated.

G is a conical-shaped revolving bottom made of cast-iron or othersuitable metal, with a series of radial narrow interstices or preferablynarrow inverted-V-shaped openings, therein, and extending therethroughfor the free passage of the air or steam and air admitted by forceddraft or otherwise through an underground conduction-pipe, J, providedwith a hood, j, rigidly supported in position by the base-plate a, towhich the wall of the main casing is riveted, and which pipe extendsvertically into the cylindrical chamber H. The volume of air or steamand air discharged therein through the pipe J is uniformly distributedthrough the openings g of the revolving bottom G into contact with thefuel IIO in the central combustion-chamber, E, in a more or less stateof incandescence for effecting both a uniform and complete combustionthereof and preventing sticking or clinkering of non-combustible matterto the wall of the chamber E.

The conical-shaped revolving bottom is supported centrally in positionby means of a post, 9 in a cylindrical housing, 9 having an annularflanged bottom, g, which is riveted securely to the base-plate a of thesealed ash-pit I. (last with the lower portion of the revolving bottomat suitable distances apart are projecting points or teeth for grindingup the clinkers passing downward between the throat 7c of thecombustion-chamber E and the revolving bottom G. This revolving bottom Gis provided with an annular shallow trough, g, for containing a constantsupply of water. Upon the under side of the trough g, near the outer peripherythereof, is a ratchet-surface, g and meshing therewith is acog-wheel, g supported upon a horizontal shaft, g, held in bearings griveted to the metallic wall of the ashpit I and the air or steam blastchamber II. This horizontal shaft g carries a crank, g having a handle,g, for operating in a well-understood manner the conical-shaped bottomaround and around for breaking up the clinker and carrying the same,more or less broken up, together with the ashes, overthe outer peripherythereof into the annular sealed ash-pit I. The water-trough g isprovided with an an nular rim, g", for keeping the water from runningover the peripheral surface of the bottom. The cinder and clinkerdropping down through the throat 7c of the combustion-chamber into thetrough is thus cooled off, together with the ashes, preparatory to theprecipitation into the annular sealed ash-pit I beneath, when the bottomG is revolved around and around by the attendant in charge.

The revolving bottom G, it should be borne in mind, must necessarily bediametrically so proportioned to the throat 7c of the combustion-chamberE and at such distance therefrom that the superimposed incandescent masswill be supported thereby, and, furthermore, in order that the clinkerand ashes passing downward between the throat of the comlulstion-chamberand the revolving bottom may be maintained in the water-trough 9, untildischarged over the outer periphery thereof into the closed ash-pit I bythe operation of the crank' {1 either around and around or backward andforward.

I am aware that a brick-lined gas-producer has been provided with arevolving grate of spiral or step-like form having perforations thereinand curved ribs or vanes thereon,and the grate supported by a bracketsecured in the base of the ash-pit, and that air has been admitteddirectly into an ash-pit instead of directly through the perforations inthe grate. This arrangement objectionable because, as a matter of fact,in practice the air, instead of passing through the narrow perforationsin the grate, will pass upward around the outer periphery thereof andfollow the freest line of travel, which will be along the wall of thecombustion-chamber, and hence combustion will be too rapid there andarches will be formed of the clinker; but I am not aware that a metallicwater-cooled gas-producer provided with a revolving bottom, such asshown and as hereinbefore described, has ever been used in which air orsteam and air has been discharged radially and directly into thecombustion-chamber into contact with the fuel in a more or less state ofincandescence without the formation of arches of clinker and sticking ofnon-combustible matter to the wall of the combustion-chamber.

Cast with the revolving bottom CT is an annular flange, g To the wall ofthe air or steam and air blast receiving-chamber H is formed an annularchannel, g, kept supplied with water from any suitable source and termeda water seal, and into which the flange 9 is kept more or less immersed.This water seal, while keeping the underneath portions of the bottomcool, at the same time prevents the air or steam and air under pressurein the cylindrical chamber H from being diverted from its natural coursethrough the interstices g of the bottom G.

In the main casing A'and the air or steam and air blast chamber H areprovided one or more doors, suitably hinged to the respective metallicwalls, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. l, and which are preferably madelarge enough to admit a person into the ash-pit I and chamber H, forcleaning out the ashes in the former, and for whatever purpose it maybecome necessary for an examination to be made of the interior of thelatter chamber, H.

The mode of operation of the metallic Watercooled gas-producerhereinbefore described may be explained in the following manner: Thefuel is fed into the central combustionchamber,E, through thefeed-hopper D bylowering the bell d a suliicient distance by theoperation of the lever d, and the required quantity of fuel beingsupplied to the combustion-chamber E, the bell (Z is then drawn upwardsnugly against the throat of the'hop per I), and the air or steam andair by forced draft or otherwise admitted through the conduction-pipe Jinto the central chamber, H, and in a vertical directiondistributedradially, or nearly so, through the interstices in the conical-shapedbottom G into contact with the fuel in the combustion-chamber E foreffecting combustion, and the gas arising from the combustion of thefuel discharged through the exit-pipe C in thetop of the producer for'utilization, and whenever it shall become necessary during the timethat the producer is making gas to remove the non-combustible matter thecrank g may be revolved around and around by the attendant in charge,thereby discharging the ashes, together with the ITO clinker, from thecentral combustion-chainber,

E, continually dropping downward between the throat 7c and theconical-shaped bottom into the trough g filled with water, over theouter periphery thereof, into the annular sealed ash-pit I without anynecessity of stop ping the producer while it is regularly making gas.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which my inventionappertains that the conical-shaped revolving bottom and the upper andlower portions of the producer, with but slight modifications, can beadapted for use advantageously in a producer having brick-lined walls;and, again, by more thoroughly water-cooling the bottom by suitablemeans for protection when the producer is run in the reverse Way, thatmy invention is susceptible of being used for making Water-gas forilluminating and other purposes.

In my application, Serial No. 236,7 l6, filed May 2, 1887, I haveclaimed a bottom with a depending flange and with an'ash-chamber havinga chamber Within the same, With a channel formed around said chamber,and which channel, with said depending flange, forms a Water seal, andtherefore I do not Wish to claim herein such constructions; but,

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, What Iclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

The herein-described gas-producer With a bottom having narrow openingstherein arranged in radial rows and mounted on a post which is supportedin a housing, a cylindriform casing beneath the bottom forming an air orsteam and air chamber, a pipe extending upward into said chamber, andmeans, as described, for rotating said bottom, substantially as and forthe purposes set forth.

WM. J. TAYLOR.

\Yitnesses:

J. WALTER DOUGLASS, THOMAS M. SMrrH.

